Re: RRAS - required as Internet Gateway
- From: "RemotePLS" <teknologix007@xxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2009 11:02:59 +0200
My server is not a DC just a standalone server...
Can it serve as RRAS server?
"Meinolf Weber [MVP-DS]" <meiweb(nospam)@gmx.de> wrote in message
news:ff16fb661e6158cb7f3d522abf3b@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Hello RemotePLS,
It is a bad decision to install RRAS on a DC, see here why:
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1. Domain Controllers should not be multi-homed
2. Being a VPN Server and even simply running RRAS makes it multi-homed.
3. DNS,..even just all by itself, is better on a single homed machine.
4. Domain Controllers with the PDF Role are automatically Domain Master
Browser. Master Browsers should not be multi-homed
272294 - Active Directory Communication Fails on Multihomed Domain
Controllers http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;272294
191611 - Symptoms of Multihomed Browsers
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;191611
Phillip Windell
www.wandtv.com
The views expressed, are my own and not those of my employer, or
Microsoft, or anyone else associated with me, including my
cats. -----------------------------------------------------
See also:
Multihomed DCs, DNS, RRAS servers.
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Below are the manual steps in more detail, which I had outlined in the
above paragraph:
Honestly, multi-homed DCs are not recommended because of the associated
issues that can occur, as you've encountered. We usually recommend
purchasing an inexpensive Linksys, DLink, etc, Cable/DSL router to perform
NAT for you, take out the extra NIC off the DC, but still let the DC
handle DHCP (and not the router).
Little background on AD and DNS:
First, just to get this out of the way, if you have your ISP's DNS
addresses in your IP configuration (DCs and clients), they need to be
REMOVED.
If the ISP's DNS is in there, this will cause additional problems.
Also, AD registers certain records in DNS in the form of SRV records that
signify AD's resource and service locations. When there are multiple NICs,
each NIC registers. IF a client, or another DC queries DNS for this DC, it
may get the wrong record. One factor controlling this is Round Robin. If a
DC or client on another subnet that the DC is not configured on queries
for it, Round Robin will kick in offering one or the other. If the wrong
one gets offered, it may not have a route to it. On the other hand,
Subnetmask Priortization will ensure a querying client will get an IP that
corresponds to the subnet it's on, which will work. To insure everything
works, stick with one NIC.
Since this DC is multi-homed, it requires additional configuration to
prevent the public interface addresses from being registered in DNS. This
creates a problem for internal clients locating AD to authenticate and
find other services and resources such as the Global Catalog, file sharing
and the SYSVOL DFS share and can cause GPO errors with Userenv 1000 events
to be logged, authenticating to shares and printers, logging on takes
forever, among numerous other issues.
But if you like, there are some registry changes to eliminate the
registration of the external NIC. Here's the whole list of manual steps to
follow.
But believe me, it's much easier to just get a separate NAT device or
multihome a non-DC then having to alter the DC. - Good luck!
1. Insure that all the NICS only point to your internal DNS server(s) only
and none others, such as your ISP's DNS servers' IP addresses.
2. In Network & Dialup properties, Advanced Menu item, Advanced Settings,
move the internal NIC (the network that AD is on) to the top of the
binding order (top of the list).
3. Disable the ability for the outer NIC to register. The procedure, as
mentioned, involves identifying the outer NIC's GUID number. This link
will show you how:
246804 - How to Enable-Disable Windows 2000 Dynamic DNS Registrations (per
NIC too):
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=246804
4. Disable NetBIOS on the outside NIC. That is performed by choosing to
disable NetBIOS in IP Properties, Advanced, and you will find that under
the "WINS" tab. You may want to look at step #3 in the article to show you
how to disable NetBIOS on the RRAS interfaces if this is a RRAS server.
296379 - How to Disable NetBIOS on an Incoming Remote Access Interface
[Registry Entry]:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=296379
Note: A standard Windows service, called the "Browser service", provides
the list of machines, workgroup and domain names that you see in "My
Network Places" (or the legacy term "Network Neighborhood"). The Browser
service relies on the NetBIOS service. One major requirement of NetBIOS
service is a machine can only have one name to one IP address. It's sort
of a fingerprint. You can't have two brothers named Darrell. A multihomed
machine will cause duplicate name errors on itself because Windows sees
itself with the same name in the Browse List (My Network Places), but with
different IPs. You can only have one, hence the error generated.
5. Disable the "File and Print Service" and disable the "MS Client
Service" on the outer NIC. That is done in NIC properties by unchecking
the respective service under the general properties page. If you need
these services on the outside NIC (which is unlikely), which allow other
machines to connect to your machine for accessing resource on your machine
(shared folders, printers, etc.), then you will probably need to keep them
enabled.
6. Uncheck "Register this connection" under IP properties, Advanced
settings, "DNS" tab.
7. Delete the outer NIC IP address, disable Netlogon registration, and
manually create the required records
a. In DNS under the zone name, (your DNS domain name), delete the outer
NIC's IP references for the "LdapIpAddress". If this is a GC, you will
need to delete the GC IP record as well (the "GcIpAddress"). To do that,
in the DNS console, under the zone name, you will see the _msdcs folder.
Under that, you will see the _gc folder. To the right, you will see the IP
address referencing the GC address. That is called the GcIpAddress. Delete
the IP addresses referencing the outer NIC.
i. To stop these two records from registering that information, use the
steps provided in the links below:
Private Network Interfaces on a Domain Controller Are Registered in
DNShttp://support.microsoft.com/?id=295328
ii. The one section of the article that disables these records is done
with this registry entry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Netlogon\Parameters
(Create this Multi-String Value under it):
Registry value: DnsAvoidRegisterRecords
Data type: REG_MULTI_SZ
Values: LdapIpAddress
GcIpAddress
iii. Here is more information on these and other Netlogon Service records:
Restrict the DNS SRV resource records updated by the Netlogon service
[including GC]:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp?url=/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/proddocs/standard/sag_dns_pro_no_rr_in_ad.asp
b. Then you will need to manually create these two records in DNS with the
IP addresses that you need for the DC. To create the
LdapIpAddress, create a new host under the domain, but leave the
"hostname" field blank, and provide the internal IP of the DC, which
results in a record that looks like:
(same as parent) A 192.168.5.200 (192.168.5.200 is used for illustrative
purposes)
i. You need to also manually create the GcIpAddress as well, if this is a
GC. That would be under the _msdcs._gc SRV record under the zone. It is
created in the same fashion as the LdapIpAddress mentioned above.
8. In the DNS console, right click the server name, choose properties,
then under the "Interfaces" tab, force it only to listen to the internal
NIC's IP address, and not the IP address of the outer NIC.
9. Since this is also a DNS server, the IPs from all NICs will register,
even if you tell it not to in the NIC properties. See this to show you how
to stop that behavior (this procedure is for Windows 2000, but will also
work for Windows 2003):
275554 - The Host's A Record Is Registered in DNS After You Choose Not to
Register the Connection's Address:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=275554
10. If you haven't done so, configure a forwarder. You can use 4.2.2.2 if
not sure which DNS to forward to until you've got the DNS address of your
ISP.
How to set a forwarder? Good question. Depending on your operating
system,choose one of the following articles:
300202 - HOW TO: Configure DNS for Internet Access in Windows 2000
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=300202&FR=1
323380 - HOW TO: Configure DNS for Internet Access in Windows Server 2003
(How to configure a forwarder):
http://support.microsoft.com/d/id?=323380
Active Directory communication fails on multihomed domain controllers
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/272294
<==*** Some additional reading ***==>
More links to read up and understand what is going on:
292822 - Name Resolution and Connectivity Issues on Windows 2000 Domain
Controller with Routing and Remote Access and DNS Insta {DNS and RRAS and
unwanted IPs registering]:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=292822
Active Directory communication fails on multihomed domain controllers
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/272294
246804 - How to enable or disable DNS updates in Windows 2000 and in
Windows Server 2003
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=246804
295328 - Private Network Interfaces on a Domain Controller Are Registered
in DNS
[also shows DnsAvoidRegisterRecords LdapIpAddress to avoid reg
sameasparent private IP]:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=295328
306602 - How to Optimize the Location of a DC or GC That Resides Outside
of a Client's
Site [Includes info LdapIpAddress and GcIpAddress information and the SRV
mnemonic values]:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=306602
825036 - Best practices for DNS client settings in Windows 2000 Server and
in Windows Server 2003 (including how-to configure a forwarder):
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;825036
291382 - Frequently asked questions about Windows 2000 DNS and Windows
Server 2003 DNS
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=291382
296379 - How to Disable NetBIOS on an Incoming Remote Access Interface
[Registry Entry]:
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=296379
Rid Pool Errors and other mutlhomed DC errors, and how to configure a
multihomed DC, Ace Fekay, 24 Feb 2006
http://www.ureader.com/message/3244572.aspx
_________________________
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--
Regards,
Ace
This posting is provided "AS-IS" with no warranties or guarantees and
confers no rights.
Ace Fekay, MCSE 2003 & 2000, MCSA 2003 & 2000, MCSE+I, MCT, MVP
Microsoft MVP - Directory Services
Microsoft Certified Trainer
Infinite Diversities in Infinite Combinations
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Best regards
Meinolf Weber
Disclaimer: This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and
confers no rights.
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** HELP us help YOU!!! http://www.blakjak.demon.co.uk/mul_crss.htm
I need to setup RRAS on a Windows 2003 Standard Edition SP1 server. I
need it to act as an Internet gateway/router providing basic firewall
services. I managed to install the RRAS role however I am a bit
confused how I can get the thing to work.
The server has got a static IP address and another interface which has
another address, being static too. One interface is directly connected
to a modem and the other to a network switch.
What I would want is that clients connect to this server and obtain
Internet connectivity from it...
Your help is greatly appreciated :)
.
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