RE: File is missing or corrupt: Windows root>\system32\ntokrnl.exe
From: S Vijay [MSFT] (svijay_at_online.microsoft.com)
Date: 07/27/04
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Date: Tue, 27 Jul 2004 03:15:42 GMT
Hi Mike,
The error you have described can occur, if the NToskrnl.exe (a bootup file
in xp) is corrupted.
You can resolve the issue by repairing the ntoskrnl.exe file by running the
recovery console in your system.
This you can do by following the steps in the article given below:
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?kbid=307654
or
How to install and use the Recovery Console in Windows XP
SUMMARY
To recover your operating system when your computer does not start
correctly or does not start at all, you may want to install and use the
Windows Recovery console. However, Microsoft recommends this method of
system recovery for advanced users only. Also, learn about the Recovery
Console command prompt, command actions, rules, how to remove the Recovery
Console, and how to install it during an unattended installation.
INTRODUCTION
How to install the Recovery Console
How to use the Recovery Console
How to use the Recovery Console command prompt
Command actions
Recovery Console rules
How to delete the Recovery Console
How to install Recovery Console during an unattended installation
INTRODUCTION
Microsoft recommends that you use the Recovery Console only after Safe mode
and other startup options do not work. The Recovery Console is recommended
only if you are an advanced user who can use basic commands to identify and
locate problem drivers and files. Additionally, you must be an
administrator to use the Recovery Console.
MORE INFORMATION
How to install the Recovery Console
You can install the Recovery Console on your computer to make it available
if you cannot restart Windows. You can then select the Recovery Console
option from the list of available operating systems during startup. Install
the Recovery Console on important servers and on the workstations of IT
personnel. This article describes how to install the Recovery Console to
your Microsoft Windows XP-based computer. To install the Recovery Console,
you must be logged on as an administrator.
Although you can run the Recovery Console by starting directly from the
Windows XP CD, it is generally more convenient to set it up as a startup
option on your startup menu. To run the Recover Console directly from the
CD, see the "How to use the Recovery Console" section.
To install the Recovery Console, follow these steps:
Insert the Windows XP CD into the CD-ROM drive.
Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type d:\i386\winnt32.exe /cmdcons where d is the drive
letter for the CD-ROM drive.
A Windows Setup Dialog Box appears. The Windows Setup Dialog Box describes
the Recovery Console option. To confirm the installation, click Yes.
Restart the computer. The next time that you start your computer,
"Microsoft Windows Recovery Console" appears on the startup menu.
Note Alternatively, you can use a Universal Naming Convention
(UNC)-established connection to install the Recovery Console from a network
share point.
How to use the Recovery Console
You can enable and disable services, format drives, read and write data on
a local drive (including drives that are formatted to use the NTFS file
system), and perform many other administrative tasks. The Recovery Console
is particularly useful if you have to repair your computer by copying a
file from a disk or CD-ROM to your hard disk, or if you have to reconfigure
a service that is preventing your computer from starting correctly.
If you cannot start your computer, you can run the Recovery Console from
the Microsoft Windows XP startup disks or the Windows XP CD-ROM. This
article describes how to perform this task.
After Windows XP is installed on your computer, to start the computer and
use the Recovery Console you require the Windows XP startup disks or the
Windows XP CD-ROM.
For additional information about how to create Startup disks for Windows XP
(they are not included with Windows XP), click the following article number
to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
310994 Obtaining Windows XP Setup boot disks
Note To start the computer from the Windows XP CD-ROM, you must configure
the basic input/output system (BIOS) of the computer to start from your
CD-ROM drive.
To run the Recovery Console from the Windows XP startup disks or the
Windows XP CD-ROM, follow these steps:
Insert the Windows XP startup disk into the floppy disk drive, or insert
the Windows XP CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive, and then restart the computer.
Click to select any options that are required to start the computer from
the CD-ROM drive if you are prompted.
When the "Welcome to Setup" screen appears, press R to start the Recovery
Console.
If you have a dual-boot or multiple-boot computer, select the installation
that you must access from the Recovery Console.
When you are prompted, type the Administrator password. If the
administrator password is blank, just press ENTER.
At the command prompt, type the appropriate commands to diagnose and repair
your Windows XP installation.
For a list of commands that are available in Recovery Console, type
recovery console commands or help at the command prompt, and then press
ENTER.
For information about a specific command, type help commandname at the
command prompt, and then press ENTER.
To exit the Recovery Console and restart the computer, type exit at the
command prompt, and then press ENTER.
Back to the top
How to use the Recovery Console command prompt
When you use the Recovery Console, you are working at a special command
prompt instead of the ordinary Windows command prompt. The Recovery Console
has its own command interpreter. To enter this command interpreter, you are
prompted by Recovery Console to type the local Administrator password.
When the Recovery Console starts, you can press F6 to install a third-party
SCSI or RAID driver, in case you need such a driver to access the hard
disk. This prompt works the same as it does during installation of the
operating system.
The Recovery Console takes several seconds to start. When the Recovery
Console menu appears, a numbered list of the Windows installations on the
computer appears. (Generally, only c:\Windows exists.) Press a number
before you press ENTER, even when only one entry appears. If you press
ENTER without selecting a number, the computer restarts and begins the
process again.
When you see the prompt for %SystemRoot% (generally C:\Windows), you can
start using the available commands for the Recovery Console.
Back to the top
Command actions
The following list describes the available commands for the Recovery
Console:
Attrib changes attributes on one file or subdirectory.
Batch executes commands that you specify in the text file, Inputfile.
Outputfile holds the output of the commands. If you omit the Outputfile
parameter, output appears on the screen.
Bootcfg modifies the Boot.ini file for boot configuration and recovery.
CD (Chdir) operates only in the system directories of the current Windows
installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk
partition, or the local installation sources.
Chkdsk The /p switch runs Chkdsk even if the drive is not flagged as dirty.
The /r switch locates bad sectors and recovers readable information. This
switch implies /p. Chkdsk requires Autochk. Chkdsk automatically looks for
Autochk.exe in the startup folder. If Chkdsk cannot find the file in the
startup folder, it looks for the Windows 2000 Setup CD-ROM. If Chkdsk
cannot find the installation CD-ROM, Chkdsk prompts the user for the
location of Autochk.exe.
Cls clears the screen.
Copy copies one file to a target location. By default, the target cannot be
removable media, and you cannot use wildcard characters. Copying a
compressed file from the Windows 2000 Setup CD-ROM automatically
decompresses the file.
Del (Delete) deletes one file. Operates within the system directories of
the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of
any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. By default, you
cannot use wildcard characters.
Dir displays a list of all files, including hidden and system files.
Disable disables a Windows system service or driver. The variable
service_or_driver is the name of the service or driver that you want to
disable. When you use this command to disable a service, the command
displays the service's original startup type before it changes the type to
SERVICE_DISABLED. Note the original startup type so that you can use the
enable command to restart the service.
Diskpart manages partitions on hard disk volumes. The /add option creates a
new partition. The /delete option deletes an existing partition. The
variable device is the device name for a new partition (such as
\device\harddisk0). The variable drive is the drive letter for a partition
that you are deleting (for example, D). Partition is the partition-based
name for a partition that you are deleting, (for example:
\device\harddisk0\partition1) and can be used instead of the drive
variable. The variable size is the size, in megabytes, of a new partition.
Enable enables a Windows system service or driver. The variable
service_or_driver is the name of the service or driver that you want to
enable, and start_type is the startup type for an enabled service. The
startup type uses one of the following formats:
SERVICE_BOOT_START
SERVICE_SYSTEM_START
SERVICE_AUTO_START
SERVICE_DEMAND_START
Exit quits the Recovery Console, and then restarts the computer.
Expand expands a compressed file. The variable source is the file that you
want to expand. By default, you cannot use wildcard characters. The
variable destination is the directory for the new file. By default, the
destination cannot be removable media and cannot be read-only. You can use
the attrib command to remove the read-only attribute from the destination
directory. The option /f:filespec is required if the source contains more
than one file. This option permits wildcard characters. The /y switch
disables the overwrite confirmation prompt. The /d switch specifies that
the files will not be expanded and displays a directory of the files in the
source.
Fixboot writes a new startup sector on the system partition.
Fixmbr repairs the startup partition's master boot code. The variable
device is an optional name that specifies the device that requires a new
Master Boot Record. Omit this variable when the target is the startup
device.
Format formats a disk. The /q switch performs a quick format. The /fs
switch specifies the file system.
Help If you do not use the command variable to specify a command, help
lists all the commands that the Recovery Console supports.
Listsvc displays all available services and drivers on the computer.
Logon displays detected installations of Windows and requests the local
Administrator password for those installations. Use this command to move to
another installation or subdirectory.
Map displays currently active device mappings. Include the arc option to
specify the use of Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) paths (the format for
Boot.ini) instead of Windows device paths.
MD (Mkdir) operates only within the system directories of the current
Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk
partition, or the local installation sources.
More/Type displays the specified text file on screen.
Net Use connects to a remote share for the Windows XP Recovery Console. The
following text describes the syntax for this command:NET USE [devicename |
*] [\\computername\sharename[\volume] [password | *]]
[/USER:[domainname\]username]
[/USER:[dotted domain name\]username]
[/USER:[username@dotted domain name]
[/SMARTCARD]
[/SAVECRED]
[[/DELETE] | [/PERSISTENT:{YES | NO}]]
NET USE {devicename | *} [password | *] /HOME
NET USE [/PERSISTENT:{YES | NO}]
Rd (Rmdir) operates only within the system directories of the current
Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk
partition, or the local installation sources.
Ren (Rename) operates only within the system directories of the current
Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk
partition, or the local installation sources. You cannot specify a new
drive or path as the target.
Set displays and sets the Recovery Console environment variables.
Systemroot sets the current directory to %SystemRoot%.
Back to the top
Recovery Console rules
Several environment rules are in effect while you are working in the
Recovery Console. Type set to see the current environment. By default,
these are the rules:
AllowAllPaths = FALSE prevents access to directories and subdirectories
outside the system installation that you selected when you entered the
Recovery Console.
AllowRemovableMedia = FALSE prevents access to removable media as a target
for copied files.
AllowWildCards = FALSE prevents wildcard support for commands such as copy
and del.
NoCopyPrompt = FALSE means that you are prompted by the Recovery Console
for confirmation when overwriting an existing file.
Back to the top
How to delete the Recovery Console
To delete the Recovery Console:
Restart your computer, click Start, click My Computer, and then
double-click the hard disk where you installed the Recovery Console.
On the Tools menu, click Folder Options, and then click the View tab.
Click Show hidden files and folders, click to clear the Hide protected
operating system files check box, and then click OK.
At the root folder, delete the Cmdcons folder and the Cmldr file.
At the root folder, right-click the Boot.ini file, and then click
Properties.
Click to clear the Read-only check box, and then click OK.
Warning: Modifying the Boot.ini file incorrectly may prevent your computer
from restarting. Make sure that you delete only the entry for the Recovery
Console. Also, change the attribute for the Boot.ini file back to a
read-only state after you finish this procedure. Open the Boot.ini file in
Microsoft Windows Notepad, and remove the entry for the Recovery Console.
It looks similar to this:
C:\cmdcons\bootsect.dat="Microsoft Windows Recovery Console" /cmdcons
Save the file and close it.
Back to the top
How to install Recovery Console during an unattended installation
To install the Recovery Console during the unattended installation of
Windows, you must use the [GuiRunOnce] section of the unattend.txt file.
Command1="path\winnt32 /cmdcons /unattend"
Hope this helps.
Regards,
S.Vijay
This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights
- Next message: Ant: "Re: How do I increase the icon size in XP's Classic Start Menu shortcuts and folders?"
- Previous message: Andrew E.: "RE: windows xp pro won't install."
- In reply to: Mike: "File is missing or corrupt: Windows root>\system32\ntokrnl.exe"
- Next in thread: Alex Nichol: "Re: File is missing or corrupt: Windows root>\system32\ntokrnl.exe"
- Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ]
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