Re: OOD/OOP and databases

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From: Jay B. Harlow [MVP - Outlook] (Jay_Harlow_MVP_at_msn.com)
Date: 09/13/04 

Date: Mon, 13 Sep 2004 17:09:41 -0500

Thomas,
I would recommend Joshua Kerievsky's book "Refactoring to Patterns" by
Addison-Wesley.

In stead of a AddContactInformationAllowed property I would consider
implementing some form of Self-Evaluating Rule. Where the domain object
offers the UI a collection or composite of Self-Evaluating Rules that
indicate to the UI what is or is not allowed. This allows the UI to easily
validate against the domain object without the domain object raising
exceptions. Also its allows the UI to be one step further decoupled from the
domain. If I went the Self-Evaluating Rule approach I would consider making
controls that are Self-Evaluating Rule aware...

Self-Evaluating Rule are defined by David West in his book "Object Thinking"
from MS Press.

Hope this helps
Jay

"Thomas Jespersen" <tje@nospam.mentum.dk> wrote in message
news:eTrwrSdmEHA.3520@TK2MSFTNGP11.phx.gbl...
> Hello Nick
>
> Thanks for you input.
>
> First... Yes, you are right, I haven't read the GoF book yet. I thought I
> start with something a bit lighter which Design Patterns Explained was (a
> great introduction to OOD though). Is it readable for a .NET guy?
>
> Buschmann... never heard of him (embarrassed smiley here). I took a look
> on
> Amazon... can you recommend a specific book?
>
> I read a lot from the Microsoft Patterns & Practices group. I like the
> Application Blocks, although I don't really see them as a design guide....
> they are just... well Application Blocks.
>
> Regarding my problem about separating the Business and the UI. I agree
> that
> business rules is much more than validation. But I often find that all
> kind
> of rules are need in the UI. E.g. which menu items is shown, warnings and
> other things to make sure that exceptions doesn't occurs when calling the
> Domain Model. This might sound odd, but e.g. I might have a rule that I
> can't call Customer.AddContactInformation, if the customer is inactive or
> unsaved. So I'd make a Property on the Customer called
> AddContactInformationAllowed. I use this property to decide whether a
> certain menu option is available, and/or I call this before
> AddContactInformation, to make sure that it doesn't throw an exception.
>
> For me this kind of interaction is a must to make a usable client
> application (which is what's count in the end... at least for me), but I
> don't se much of this kind in the OO books. But I will consider splitting
> up
> the Domain Model in two (on for validation like things, and one for hiding
> business rules)... I'm just not quit sure that this is doable, if related
> responsibilities is to be grouped on the same object.
>
> Thomas
>
> "Nick Malik" <nickmalik@hotmail.nospam.com> wrote in message
> news:7MG0d.417794$%_6.111013@attbi_s01...
>> Yes... that's a lot for a newsgroup.
>>
>> Start here:
>> http://www.microsoft.com/resources/practices/default.mspx
>>
>> I, too, have read many of the same books. You didn't mention the Design
>> Patterns book itself (Gang of Four: Gamma, Helm, Johnson, and Vlissides)
> but
>> it, too, is an excellent volume. There are also a number of patterns
> books
>> that describe code in C# that have been coming out in the past two years.
>>
>> The books do not focus on a particular tier. The Design Patterns books,
>> specifically, focus on a specific level of abstraction. The Fowler book
>> focuses on a different level of abstraction. Buschmann takes on the
>> architectural level. Honestly, to answer your questions, Buschmann is
>> the
>> best of the group.
>>
>> The Microsoft site has some very specific advice for the .NET platform
> with
>> regards to optimizations... worth looking into.
>>
>> As for me: my middle tier is normally tailored to one thing: hiding the
>> business rules. That requires real analysis: what are the business
> rules...
>> what will change... how will they change... how will we maintain them.
>>
>> Config files are not good for business rule changes... they are too
>> tactical. You can change the name of a stored proc in the config file.
> To
>> change the business rules, you need to encapsulate logic, not just
>> constants. Using pluggable components will only get you so far.
>>
>> So, if the business layer has very few business rules, it's really thin.
>> For many purposes, especially for domain tables (lookup tables), I don't
>> have any logic at all in the middle tier. In that case, I often simply
> pass
>> the data through directly from the DAL to the UI layer as an array of
>> DataRows. I'll even occasionally bind directly to a control (not often,
> but
>> for drop-downs, it's good). On the other hand, if the business layer has
>> business rules to encapsulate, then I will organize the objects so that
>> managing those rules makes sense. This is where we start to deviate from
>> "business objects that mirror the database". This is where the design
>> patterns come in handy. You really have to map your data into objects
> that
>> isolate change and minimize complexity.
>>
>> I've yet to find a tool or framework that does more than simply
>> copy-and-reflect operations from the database through the middle tier. I
>> don't use them. WHat a massive waste of time and processing power.
> Heck...
>> the DataSet object does a better job than most of these, and it doesn't
>> require a huge amount of effort to use! (I don't use it either... I'm
> just
>> making a point).
>>
>> As for copying the validation rules: For a thick client app, I'd have the
>> same validation dll on both the client and the server. That way, you can
>> insure common rules. Note: business rules are much more than validation.
>> I'd have basic validation types that I can use in both places, but the
> rest
>> of the rules are quite different.
>>
>> As for use of remoting: depends on the kind and style of scalability you
>> want to achieve. For my preference, remoting is too tightly coupled for
> the
>> kinds of things that I do... I tend toward web services... but that may
> not
>> be advice that you can use... depends on your app.
>>
>> I hope this info is helpful.
>> --- Nick Malik
>> Application Architect
>> MCSD, CFPS, Certified Scrummaster
>> "Thomas Jespersen" <tje@nospam.mentum.dk> wrote in message
>> news:ecFEdt%23lEHA.2880@TK2MSFTNGP14.phx.gbl...
>> > Hello
>> >
>> > I've been reading a lot of great OOD/OOP books lately (e.g.. Martin
>> Fowlers
>> > UML Distilled, Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture,
>> Refactoring,
>> > Kent Becks's Test Driven Development, and also a book called Design
>> Patterns
>> > Explained.)... al of them with the focus on Java, because I think the
> best
>> > books are targeted Java. But the all fit very well to the .NET
>> > platform.
>> >
>> > I have one big problem when reading these great books, and that is that
>> they
>> > focus almost entirely on the Domain Model (that is the Middle Layer in
>> > a
> 3
>> > layered architecture). They hardly mention that the code you write is
>> > to
>> be
>> > used in a UI interface and committed to a database ([PoEAA] might be an
>> > exception). I find the separation of Business Login and UI to be the
>> hardest
>> > thing. And also I find the performance issues when talking to the
> Database
>> > to a very tricky thing, that calls for a few hack in the Domain Layer
> (I'm
>> > almost only doing thick clients... that is no web).
>> >
>> > So I would like to know how you OO Guys really work (references to
>> > books
>> or
>> > articles would be great).
>> >
>> > Don't you design your database the same way that you design you
>> > Business
>> > Model if you are responsible for all 3 layers/tiers?
>> >
>> > How much time does you spend on writing the DAL (the mapping between
>> > the
>> OO
>> > and the Database)? Do you use any kind of O/R Mappers to help you write
>> the
>> > DAL?
>> >
>> > Where do you place the tiers in a Smart Client configuration? The way I
>> see
>> > it the UI and Domain Model must be on the client. Because you Domain
> Model
>> > contains a lot of information e.g. about validation the input, and I
> don't
>> > want a Server Round Trip every time the users enters something in a
>> textbox.
>> > But I'm also thinking about putting the same domain objects on the
> server
>> > aswell and use some kind of serialization using .NET Remoting or Web
>> > Services. Anyone else placing the Domain Model on both the Client and
>> > Server?
>> >
>> > Can you recommend any third party frameworks, which addresses any of
> these
>> > problems? I find many of the MS Reference application to be to exotic.
>> >
>> > I know these are big questions for a thread in a newsgroup... but never
>> the
>> > less, I haven't found any books or articles that really deals with
>> > these
>> > issues.
>> >
>> > Best regards,
>> > Thomas
>> > MCSD, MCSE+I, MCP+SB
>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>
>

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